Installing Linux (safely)

You need a Linux to practice on. You do not need to wipe your computer. Here are your options, safest first.

Option 1: Windows Subsystem for Linux (Windows only)

If you're on Windows 10 or 11, this is the easiest path. WSL runs a real Linux (usually Ubuntu) inside Windows — no rebooting, no risk to your files.

wsl --install

(Reboot when it asks, then open "Ubuntu" from the Start menu.)

Check: Inside the Ubuntu window, run uname -s — you should see Linux.

Limits: It's real Linux, but it's a guest inside Windows. Hardware access (like USB devices) is limited, and it's slower at some disk operations. Fine for learning; not identical to a dedicated machine.

Option 2: A virtual machine

VirtualBox (free) or similar lets you run Linux in a window on Windows or Mac. Download an Ubuntu or Mint ISO, create a new VM, point it at the ISO, and install. Your real system is untouched — the worst case is deleting the VM and starting over.

Good for: trying the full desktop experience safely.

Option 3: A Raspberry Pi or old computer

A Raspberry Pi (Raspberry Pi OS is Linux) or any old laptop makes a great always-on practice box. This is also how home servers start.

Good for: learning the "remote machine" chapter for real, since you'll SSH into it.

Option 4: Dual boot / replace your OS

Installing Linux as your main OS. Totally viable — millions do it — but back up first, and don't start here. Learn on a safe option, then decide.

What this guide assumes

From here on, you have a terminal open on a Debian-family Linux (Ubuntu, Mint, Debian, Raspberry Pi OS). Commands that differ on Fedora/Arch are noted where it matters.

Next: The Terminal